Kuki uruhu rw'ingona rufite agaciro?

Twese tuzi ko ingona ari ibikururuka kera, byatangiye mugihe cya Mesozoic hashize imyaka miriyoni 200.Ingona ni ijambo rusange.Hariho ubwoko bwingona zigera kuri 23 zibaho, nk'ingona ya Siamese, alligator y'abashinwa, alligator, ingona ya Nili n'ingona..

Imikurire y’ingona itinda cyane, ibidukikije birakaze, kandi uburyo bwo gutwika biragoye, ibyo bikaba byerekana ko ubworozi bwayo ari buto ugereranije n’inyamaswa nk'inka, intama n'ingurube, kandi umubare w'ibihingwa bikuze bikuze ni bike , bigatuma igiciro cyuruhu rw ingona kiri hejuru.

Uruhu rw'ingona, kimwe n'ibicuruzwa byinshi, rushobora gushyirwa mu rwego rwo hejuru cyangwa ruto.Niki kizagaragaza agaciro k'uruhu rw'ingona?

Ku giti cyanjye, ntekereza ko ari 1: igice, 2: tekinoroji yo gutwika, 3: tekinoroji yo gusiga amarangi, 4: ubwoko bw'ingona, 5: icyiciro.

Reka duhere kumwanya.

Muri iki gihe, abantu benshi bafite status na status bakunda gukoresha uruhu rw ingona, ariko abanyagitugu bamwe baho ntibazi icyo bakoresha na gato.Batekereza gusa ko ari uruhu rw'ingona.Nkigisubizo, birasa nkuruhu rwinyuma no hagati yisi.

Kuki ubivuga?

Igice cyuruhu rw ingona ni ngombwa cyane.Ingona ni ibiremwa bikaze cyane.Uruhu ku nda ni rworoshye kandi rworoshye kwibasirwa.Bamwe mu bakora inganda bahitamo uruhu ku ntwaro zabo zinyuma kugirango bagabanye umusaruro nigihe cyo gutunganya.Tuyita "uruhu rwinyuma" cyangwa "uruhu rwinda"

Kuberako ifunguye munda, ubu bwoko bwuruhu rw ingona burahendutse cyane nubwo arukuri.Byumvikane ko, niba hari igishushanyo cyiza, uburyo nabwo burashimishije cyane, ariko byanze bikunze ntabwo biri mubyiciro byibicuruzwa byiza nibikoresho byubukorikori buhanitse (nubwo bamwe mubatunzi baho bakibwira ko aruruhu rwukuri rw'ingona… harahari ntacyo bashobora gukora kugirango bafashe).

Mubyukuri, ibishobora gushyirwa mubyiciro by'akataraboneka birashobora gusa kuba uruhu rw'inda y'ingona (usibye uruhu rw'inda rwa caiman, tuzabivuga nyuma), cyangwa "uruhu rw'inyuma"

Kubera ko uruhu rw'inda y'ingona ruringaniye cyane, rworoshye kandi rukomeye, rukwiriye gukora ibicuruzwa bitandukanye by'uruhu.

Ibikurikira, reka tuvuge kubyerekeranye na tekinoroji.

Niba ushaka gukora ibicuruzwa byuruhu, ugomba gutangira gukanika kuri pelts.Uburyo bwo gutwika ni ngombwa cyane.Niba gutwika atari byiza, hazabaho ibibazo nko guturika, kutaringaniza, kuramba bidahagije, no gufata nabi.

Inshuti ikunze kunsaba kunshakira alligator ikansaba kunkorera umufuka.Iki cyifuzo ntigishobora kuzuzwa.Urashobora kugerageza kubihimbira no kubikaranga ubwawe kugirango urebe niba ushobora kubirya.

Niba abantu bazi uruhu rwingona bazabaza ahantu ho gutwika, mubyukuri nibyingenzi cyane, kuko tekinoroji yo gutwika nubumenyi buhanitse.Hariho inganda nke cyane zishobora gutwika uruhu rw ingona zifite ubuziranenge buhamye kwisi, inyinshi muri zo zikaba zibanda mu nganda nyinshi zo mu Bufaransa, Ubutaliyani, Singapore, Ubuyapani, na Amerika.Inganda nke nazo zitanga ibicuruzwa bimwe byiza.

Kimwe na tekinoroji yo gutwika, tekinoroji yo gusiga irangi nayo ni kimwe mu bipimo byo gusuzuma ubwiza bwuruhu rw ingona.

No mu ruganda rwiza, haribishoboka bimwe mubicuruzwa bifite inenge.Inenge zisanzwe zisiga irangi zirimo irangi ridahwanye, ibimenyetso byamazi hamwe nuburabyo butaringaniye.

Abantu benshi badasobanukiwe nibikoresho byuruhu bazambaza ikibazo rusange, berekana igice cyuruhu rw ingona bakambaza niba narisize irangi.Igisubizo nukuri, ubundi… hariho ingona zijimye, ubururu nubururu?

Ariko hariho imwe itigeze irangi, ikunze kwitwa uruhu rw'ingona ya Himalaya.

Nukugumana ibara ryingona ubwayo.Niba uhisemo uruhu, uzasanga ibara rya Himalaya hafi ya yose ritandukanye.Nkuruhu rwacu, biragoye kubona abantu babiri bafite ibara rimwe, biragoye rero gutoranya ubujyakuzimu bumwe bwa buri bara rya Himalaya.Birumvikana ko hariho uruhu rusize irangi rwingona mu kwigana imiterere ya Himalaya, ntabwo ari bibi, ahubwo ni uburyo bwihariye bwo kurangiza.

Uruhu rw'ingona muri rusange rugabanijwemo matte kandi rwiza.Niba bigabanijwemo, hari amaboko akomeye yaka uruhu, uruhu rworoshye rworoshye uruhu, urumuri ruciriritse, matte, nubuck, nibindi bidasanzwe.

Buriwese ufite ibyiza n'ibibi, nkuruhu rwa alligator uruhu.

Nubwo ubuso bumeze neza, butinya cyane amazi (uruhu rw ingona rugomba kuba kure yamazi namavuta, ariko urumuri rurasa cyane, kuko biroroshye cyane kugira ibimenyetso byamazi), kandi rutinya cyane gushushanya .Nubwo witonda, ibishushanyo bizagaragara nyuma yigihe runaka.Ndetse mugikorwa cyo gukora ibicuruzwa byuruhu, uruhu rurerure cyane rugomba gushyirwaho na firime yoroshye yo gukingira, bitabaye ibyo gushushanya no gutunga urutoki bizagaragara

Niba ushaka kwirinda gushushanya mugihe ukoresha?Wubake inzu ya gaz inert hanyuma ushiremo igikapu cyawe.(Ntabwo byemewe gukoresha uruhu rukomeye rwa alligator uruhu rwo kureba. Ntabwo byoroshye kandi biramba.).Abantu bamwe bavuga ko uruhu rukeye ruhendutse gato kurenza uruhu rwa matte.Ku giti cyanjye, biterwa nibihe, ntabwo byuzuye.

Njye mbona, igikwiye cyane ni gloss yo hagati cyangwa matte.By'umwihariko, ingaruka yo gusiga irangi amazi idashushanyije yerekana neza gukorakora kwuruhu rw ingona.Urumuri ruzarushaho kuba karemano hamwe no gukoresha igihe, kandi ntakibazo guhanagura ibitonyanga bike byamazi ako kanya.

Byongeye kandi, abantu batazi uruhu rw ingona bazatekereza ko uruhu rw ingona rugoye cyane, ariko kubera inzira zitandukanye, uruhu rw ingona rushobora kuba rworoshye cyane.

Ndetse bamwe barashobora gukora imyenda, gukomera gato birashobora gukora imifuka, kandi byoroshye kandi byoroshye birashobora gukora umurongo.Birumvikana, nta tegeko ryerekeye imikoreshereze.Urashobora kandi gukoresha ibikoresho byuruhu by ingona kugirango ukore imifuka, ukurikije uburyo umwanditsi ashaka.

Ubwoko bw'ingona ni ingingo y'ingenzi.Uruhu rusanzwe rw'ingona ku isoko ni caimans, ingona zo muri Siamese (ingona zo muri Tayilande), alligator, ingona ntoya y'Abanyamerika, ingona za Nili, n'ingona.

Ingona ya Caiman na Siamese ingona ikunze kugaragara ku isoko ryimbere mu gihugu.Ingona ya Caiman ni uruhu ruhenze cyane rw'ingona, kubera ko byoroshye kuzamura, ariko igice cya cicicle cy'intwaro ni kinini cyane (abantu benshi bita igice gikomeye cy'amagufwa y'uruhu rw'ingona, ingona ntabwo ari ikiremwa cya exoskeleton, igice gikomeye ni cicicle, ntabwo ari igufwa ), Ku isoko, abadandaza babi b'imifuka yikimenyetso runaka bakunda kugurisha caimani ihendutse kubiciro bihanitse nkibyo bita ingona zo mwishyamba.

Imisozi ya Siamese yororerwa cyane mu bihugu byo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya n'Ubushinwa.Kubera umuvuduko ukabije witerambere, gahunda idasanzwe hamwe na cicicle kuruhande, alligator ya Siamese ntabwo aribwo buryo bwambere bwibicuruzwa byiza.Nkuko byavuzwe, impu nyinshi zubucuruzi bwingona dusanzwe tubona zororerwa mubukorikori, kubera ko ingona zororerwa mu buryo bwa gihanga ntizangiza umubare w’abaturage bo mu gasozi, kandi kubera imicungire y’intoki, ubwiza bw’uruhu rw’ingona buzaba bwiza kuruta ubw'ishyamba. (hamwe n’ibyangiritse bike).Gusa uruhu runini rufite ingona nini, nini bihagije ku buryo rushobora gukoreshwa nk'itapi, usanga ahanini ari ishyamba, kubera ko ibiciro by'inyamaswa zo mu gasozi ari bike, ku buryo abantu badakenera gukoresha amafaranga menshi kugira ngo babyororoke.Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ibidukikije byo mu gasozi birakennye.Kurugero, kurwana na parasite bitera ibikomere byinshi.Ntibashobora gukora ibicuruzwa byo murwego rwohejuru, ariko birashobora gukoreshwa nkimitako.Kubwibyo, iyo abacuruzi batitonda bavuga ko igikapu gikozwe muruhu rw ingona zo mu gasozi, barashobora guseka bakagenda.

 
Indi ngingo y'ingenzi yo gusuzuma ubwiza bw'uruhu rw'ingona ni urwego.Umubare winkovu nuburyo butunganijwe nibintu byingenzi byo gusuzuma igipimo cyuruhu rw ingona.

Mubisanzwe, ishyirwa mubyiciro bya I, II, III na IV.Uruhu rwo mu cyiciro cya mbere ni urwego rwohejuru, bivuze ko inkovu zo munda ari nkeya, imiterere ni imwe, ariko igiciro ni kinini.Uruhu rwo mu cyiciro cya II rufite inenge nkeya, rimwe na rimwe ntirushobora kuboneka utarebye neza.Uruhu rwo mu cyiciro cya III na IV rufite inkovu zigaragara cyangwa imiterere idahwanye.

Uruhu rwose rw'ingona twaguze muri rusange rugabanijwemo ibice bitatu

Ahantu hamwe na kare kwinshi hagati yinda mubisanzwe byitwa slub pattern, naho imiterere kumpande zombi zicyerekezo cyiza cyane bita flank pattern.

Iyo witegereje imifuka yo mu rwego rwohejuru y'ingona y'uruhu, uzasanga ibikoresho ari inda y'ingona, kubera ko inda y'ingona ari igice cyiza cyane gifite agaciro gakomeye.Hafi ya 85% yagaciro k ingona iri munda.Birumvikana, ntushobora kuvuga ko umunwa numurizo byose bisigaye.Nibyiza kandi gukora uduce duto nkumufuka, igikapu cyikarita hamwe nigitambara cyo kureba (nibyiza ko abashya babigura kugirango bakore amaboko).

Mbere, bamwe mubashya bakunze kumbaza, numvise ko uruhu rw ingona ruhenze cyane.Ikirenge kingana iki?Mubisanzwe nikibazo abantu bashya badashobora kubaza.

Uruhu rw ingona ntirubarwa muri metero kare (sf) na 10 × 10 (ds) nkuruhu rusanzwe.Uruhu rw'ingona rupimwa muri santimetero ku gice kinini cy'inda (ukuyemo ibirwanisho by'inyuma. Ubucuruzi bumwe na bumwe busiga intwaro nyinshi z'inyuma ku nkombe z'uruhu kugira ngo bwibe ubugari, hanyuma bugashyiramo intwaro z'inyuma. Inganda zimwe zikurura uruhu rw'ingona. imbaraga zo kongera ubugari, butagira isoni).